Research Targets

Excellent effort Emma - a great stasrt to this year's coursework portfolio! To improve your research further aim to revisit posts and make sure all of the following areas have been addressed: Genre Target Audience Characters Narrative Engimas Titles Camera Composition Sound Mise En Scene Unique Selling Points Pace of editing You could also mention more about how you're going to take influence from the trailers yourself. A really good start - well done!

Research and planning - horror genre

- Horror genre film consist of sub-genres which includes-

- Comedy horror
-Comedy horror combines comedy with traditional horror movie themes and characters. Because of the subject matter, Comedy-Horror films can cross over into the Black Comedy sub-genre. Comedy-Horror films aim to scare the audience, but also provide comical outlets that let the audience laugh at their fear.
-Examples: Beetlejuice, Zombieland, Shaun of the Dead.

-Teen horror
-Teen horror is a sub-genre that revolves completely around a teenager or a group of teenagers. Typically, these movies have a large cast and a clear hero or heroine. Teen-Horror films often play upon traditional teenage issues, such as dating and prom, and turn them into suspenseful and thrilling situations.
-Examples: I Know What You Did Last Summer, Scream, Texas Chainsaw Massacre.

-Monster horror
-A Monster film is sub-genre of Horror that centers on a struggle between human beings and a monster.Often, the monster in the film has been created in an “experiment gone wrong.” The monster usually serves as a villain, and the film portrays a hero or heroine that ultimately saves the world from the monster. Although these movies commonly fall into the Horror genre, Monster films have a long tradition within Science-Fiction and Fantasy film as well.
-Examples: Aliens, Godzilla, Creature from the Black Lagoon.
-Slasher

-Slasher film is a sub-genre of Horror film that revolves around a psychopathic killer. This killer stalks and murders his victims in extremely violent and memorable ways. Though it centers on a specific killer, the violence is what sets Slasher films apart from other horror films. A Slasher film will devote more screen time to portray murder and mayhem than a traditional Horror film.
-Examples: Halloween, My Bloody Valentine, Black Christmas.

-Supernatural horror
-Supernatural horror film is a sub-genre that includes ghosts, demons, or other depictions of supernatural occurrences. Often, Supernatural-Horror films combine elements of religion into the plot. Common themes in Supernatural-Horror films include the afterlife, the devil, and demonic possession. Unlike Religious Thrillers, Supernatural-Horror films are not limited to specific religious elements and can contain more vivid and gruesome violence.
-Examples: The Exorcist, The Ring, The Omen.

-Zombie Horror Zombie film is a sub-genre of Horror film that portrays mindless human beings who are raised from the dead. These films often include a Zombie invasion, and center around Zombies feasting on human flesh. The plot of a Zombie film then revolves around the struggle between the living, and the living-dead. Zombie film not only falls into the Horror genre, but Sci-Fi, Thriller, and Comedy as well.
-Examples: Night of the Living Dead, Shaun of the Dead, 28 Days Later.

Research and planning - paranormal activity 2 trailer analysis

      - The 2010 trailer paranormal activity is a American supernatural horror film which is directed by tod Williams which is a well known successful director within the film industry which has directed the film the adventures of Sebastian Cole. The film is starring Sprague Grayden Brian Boland Molly Ephraim and Katie Featherston which is successful actors within the film industry which shall create a fan base before the film is released which shall make the film successful within the film industry. The film is a parallel prequel to the 2007 film paranormal activity this shall make the audience intrigued to what’s going to be included within the film as it’s going to interlink with paranormal activity which shall make the film have a fan base which shall make the film successful within the film industry.

-          - The beginning of the trailer is a long take of a black screen which is effective as the sound used which accompanies the screen which builds up tension and creates suspense within the film and towards the audience, the trailer creates a tense atmosphere as the sound of banging shall make the audience question which genre the film is as there’s no clue or understanding of the conventions of genre films until the sound of the banging which shall make it intriguing towards the audience which shall appeal to the audience which shall make the film successful within the film industry. Furthermore, the music used is included within a horror genre film as it sounds mysterious which is a convention of a horror genre film within the film industry. As the film is a sequel, a clip from the film paranormal activity is included within the trailer which make the audience remember what happened within that film and it shall make the audience feel engaged within the film and that the audience are being taken on the story of paranormal activity and are a part of a film which is what a horror genre film is meant to do which shall make the audience feel engaged within the film. The trailer includes a shot of when the camera is positioned on a tilt which shall infer towards the audience that it’s a hand held shot and a character is holding it which gives and creates a sense of reality which shall make the audience believe that it’s based on a true story which shall make the trailer interesting which shall make the audience want to watch the film when its released within the film industry.

-         - During the trailer an audience is included. The trailer cuts to a medium shot of the audience and their reaction which consists of screaming. The audience shall infer that the film is going to be scary. Furthermore, the trailer includes clips from the film where the antagonist takes action during the evening which is included within the conventions of a horror genre film as its more mysterious and sneaky which shall create suspense towards the audience and make the audience feel engaged and involved within the film. The trailer includes shots of images of rooms around the house which continues with the slow music and the long shots which have low key lighting with a blue effect which creates a dark mood which is included within  the conventions of a horror genre film includes within the conventions of a horror genre film within the film industry.

-          - The sound and music within the trailer includes the sound of someone walking which the audience shall infer that something is about to happen. The way the trailer includes text with a black screen which includes the text of  ‘ nothing can prepare you’ and ‘for what’s next’ which is presented to be aimed at the audience which links with the sound included within the trailer which makes it effective and the audience shall question whether what’s going to happen throughout the narrative and storyline of the film which shall make the audience want to watch the film.

-          - The trailer ends with a clip from the film of a figure of a person which looks to be the antagonist of the film standing in a room. By ending the trailer with a figure standing in the dark which links to the conventions of a horror genre film shall make the audience infer and perceive what the antagonist is going to do towards the victims which shall make the audience want to watch the film and see what the rest of the film in tales which shall make the film successful within the film industry. 

Research and planning - the others trailer analysis

- The 2001 trailer the others is a psychological/supernatural horror film directed by Alejamdro amemabar which shall make the film have a fan base before the film is released as he is a well known director within the film industry as he has directed other successful films within the film industry which include agora. The film is starring Nicole Kidman and Fionnula Flanagan these two actors are well known and successful within the film industry as Nicole Kidman has starred in the successful film Moulin rouge. Furthermore, Fionnula Flanagan has starred in some mother’s son. By having these well known successful actors and directors within the film industry shall make the film appeal towards the audience and shall make the film more successful within the film industry.

- The audience is shown a great deal of action mainly towards the end of the trailer, using a combination of fast-motion shots and cut shots to create a rushed, frantic tone of the characters appearing to be haunted by ghosts. Some of these clips include the main character which is the mum which of her running up the stairs, screaming through the banisters, the little girl showing her mother pictures she drew of the ghosts, the maid telling the children that she sees the ghosts too. The music used in the beginning of the trailer is quite simple and eerie, with no powerful instruments used. This carries on throughout the whole sequence, interrupted by several bounds of a drum any time the trailer shows a shot that shall create suspense towards the audience which is a convention of a horror genre film. As the music is simple it doesn't have too much of an impact within the trailer. However it relates with the ghostly theme of the film as it’s a subtle atmosphere within the film. Furthermore, the music being simple shall make the audience understand the trailer and what the film is going to in tale within the narrative and storyline which shall make the audience want to watch the film as they feel engaged and involved within the film which shall make the film successful within the film industry. 

- The trailer doesn't include a voice-over which instead tells the story through the different shots of the characters and what they say and do. Towards the end of the trailer, several of the shots are played in fast movement, such as the shot of a nursery, which symbolises the fear of the characters and how their lives have become distorted since the ghosts have haunted their lives. Until the end, however, the general speed of the trailer is quite paced, with the effect of fading between each shot to signify the movement and presents of the ghosts and the antagonists within the film. 

-The information we are given about the film includes Nicole kidman the main character introducing three housekeepers to her house- and at the same time, introducing the audience to their home life and background which shall make the audience feel engaged and involved within the film which shall make the audience want to watch the film which shall make the film successful within the film industry. The audience learns how the previous housekeepers ‘vanished into thin air’ which shall make the audience question what happened to the victims and what’s going to happen to the victims within the house now which creates suspense which is included within the conventions of a horror genre film.  

The trailer moves on to the family becoming more involved with the ghosts and being victimised by their antagonist which gives the audience a bad vibe with what’s about to happen within the film as the characters are trying to find away to escape from the antagonists.  One of the ghosts, an elderly woman is briefly introduced which doesn't give too much away about the antagonists which shall create suspense towards the audience which is included within the conventions of a horror genre film within the film industry.

-The end of the trailer includes the title 'The Others' crackling onto the screen with a voice over of the maid saying ‘sooner or later, they will find you’, before ending with the main character which is the mum moving towards what appears to be her daughter playing with a toy covered in a large sheet. The audience shall infer that it’s an elderly women underneath the sheet which shall make the audience confused and question what the antagonist has done with her daughter which interlinks with the mum asking where her daughter is where the elderly women says ‘ are you mad? I am your daughter’ which shall make the audience want to watch the film as the audience shall want to know what’s happened to her daughter within the film which shall make the film successful within the film industry.  

Research and planning - step brothers trailer analysis

-Step Brothers is a 2008 American buddy slapstick comedy film starring Will Ferrell and John C. Reilly. The screenplay was written by Ferrell and Adam McKay, from a story written by them with Reilly. It was produced by Jimmy Miller and Judd Apatow, and directed by McKay.
- The plot of step brothersis two unemployed, middle-aged and spoiled men who still live with and are reliant on their parents. They have no intention of moving out or finding jobs and behave childishly. When Brennan's mother Nancy -Mary Steenburgen and Dale's father Robert -Richard Jenkins- marry. Furthermore Brennan and Dale are forced to live with each other as step brothers. Their parents warn them that they must find jobs within a month or else be forced out of the house. When Brennan's younger brother Derek -Adam Scott comes to visit with his oddly perfect family, he too mocks them and entices Dale to punch him in the face. Brennan is awed that Dale was able to stand up to Derek. Meanwhile, Brennan's sister-in-law Alice -Kathryn Hahn who is also resentful of Derek, finds Dale's courage a turn on. Brennan and Dale discover their many shared interests and develop a strong personal bond.
- During the step brothers trailer we are shown two sides of the film where the two brothers don't like each other and then a side when they like each other and get along like normal brothers. The way the trailer introduces the characters is done in a way which infers there childish behaviours within the film.
- The beginning of the trailer starts with a close up side view of the two parents getting married which the audience shall infer that each of the parents are the 'boys' separate parents which shall give the audience insight to what's going to be included throughout the film and within the narrative and storyline which shall make the audience have more of an understanding which shall make them want to watch the film which shall make it successful within the film industry. During the beginning of the there's the use of non-diegtic sound with a voice-over of a man explaining and introducing the married of the parents. Which then cuts to a medium shot of the car view of the mum driving and her son in the back which is represented and portrayed as a child usually tends to be in the back of the car not at the front. The sons body language is shown as being angry as he doesn't want to move in with another person which infers he liked being an only child and living with his mum.
- The trailer then cuts to a close up of one of the brothers saying ' hello' then shot reserve shot to the other brother saying ' hello ' in response. The effect of showing shot reserve shot with close up shots infers there emotion and their feelings towards the brothers having to live together which shall make the audience engage with the film and characters The trailer then cuts to a long shot of the the brother which lives at the house with his dad which his body language portrays he isn't happy with someone else moving into his house. The two brothers then fight on the floor which links with the conventions of comedy genre film as they are middle ages men being shown as being children which is a convention of a horror genre film within the film industry. The trailer then cuts to the family having dinner round the table where the dad says ' one day your going to have to share a room ' which then cuts to a birds eyed view shot of the brothers sharing a room. During the first part of the trailer its the brothers not liking each other and its inferring towards the audience that theres going to be childish actions which are going to be taking place from the two step brothers which is presented within the first part of the trailer which includes digging one of the brothers up in a whole they created in the garden, leaving one of the brothers out a sea and hitting one of the brothers with some of the brothers drum kit which shall give the audience an understanding of the step brothers relationship within the film.
- The last part of the trailer infers towards the audience that the two step brothers get along as the middle of the trailer cuts the trailer with the screen saying ' from the guys who brought you Talladega nights' which separates the relationship between the two step brothers and makes it easier for the audience to perceive which shall make them engaged within the film and within the characters are there love hate relationship. The trailer cuts to a medium side shot of the two step brothers agreeing on something which they both share love for which infers towards the audience that they are going to get along during the film and patch there differences up to become normal step brothers. However, the conventions of comedy conventions doesn't stop there the trailer includes clips from the film of when the brothers are up to no good and want to do adventurous stuff together which in tales that their mischievous and being represented as children which is a convention of a comedy film.
- The end of the film includes a clip from the film of the two boys which look to be in a meeting for something which the two step brothers are winding up the women which they are speaking two where it leads to her swearing at them to get out of her office which infers that the two step brothers have miss behaving, the trailer ends with the date of when the film is released which gives the audience the information about the film which shall make the audience want to watch the film which shall make the film have a fan base and popular which shall make the film successful within the film industry.

Research and planning - taken trailer analysis

-          The 2008 film taken is directed by Pierre Morel the film is a action thriller genre film. By the director being well known shall create the film to have a fan base before the film is released which shall make the film successful within the film industry. The director Pierre Morel has directed the films district 13 and from Paris with love. The film taken is starring well known actors within the film industry which have been included within successful films within the film industry which are Liam Neeson, Maggie Grace and Famke Janssen. By having well known and successful actors within the film shall make the film have a fan base and shall be successful within the film industry.

-           The use of mise-en-scene during and included within the trailer is used in an effective way which engages the audience within the trailer. The beginning of the trailer which is the equilibrium of the film, the mise-en-scene infers a standard location which infers normaliaty which is a convention of a action/horror genre film where its normal to begin with then the main storyline occurs within the film. The use of body language between the actors which is what looks to be the father and daughter helps the audience infer their relationship. The phone used within the trailer is shown to be the important prop within the film as the majority of the trailer cuts to clips of the father and the daughter on the phone. Furthermore, the protagonist which is the father has a briefcase with gadgets which is a convention of an action genre film which infers towards the audience that the father has a spy background and knows what he’s doing and that he’s the protagonist within the film which shall create the audience to feel more involved and engaged and have a better understanding of the film.

-          The editing used within the film uses a series of fast paced action shots are used in parts of the trailer with a voice over of the father on the phone to his daughter’s kidnapper which is the antagonist. This clip ends with the kidnapper replying with ‘good luck’ which shall create suspense towards the audience as they are left to question what’s going to happen within the film. By using the quick face pace shots gives an impression towards the audience of panic. Throughout the trailer there is used spilt-screen which is showing both sides of the phone conversation which shall help the audience understand the film and is allows the trailer to create the narrative of the film.

-          There is variety of shot types used within the trailer. These include establishing shot which is over Paris which is the Eiffel Tower which the audience shall recognise and the audience shall know the majority of the location of the film.  The use of a two-shot with the father and his daughter shall infer towards the audience their relationship. The use of a close-up on the phone infers towards the audience the significance of the prop. Furthermore, there is also a close up shot used on the kidnapper's feet when entering the room of where the daughter is under the bed which shall make the audience unsure of their identity which shall make the audience want to watch the film as they shall want to know the antagonists identity within the film which shall make the film successful within the film industry.

-          The sound used during the trailer uses non-diegetic and digectic sound. The non-diegetic soundtrack is played quiet whereas the diegectic sound is louder within the trailer. The diegetic sound consists of speech. The majoiry of the diefetic sound is speech whereas the rest has been edited within the non-diegetic sound which has been included throughout the clip of when the father’s daughter screams when she is pulled out from beneath the bed. The non-diegetic sound of panting at the end of the trailer reinforces the feel of discomfort and fear throughout the trailer which is a convention of a action genre film which shall make the film successful within the film industry. 

Research and planning- the vow film poster analysis

-The 2012 film poster the vow uses the main image of a close up of both characters. Which is to show that the whole film revolves around the love interests. However, it shall also signify that nothing shall get in the way of their love. Furthermore, the way the characters are positioned within the poster infers that they are the main characters within the film and they are important as they are well known actors with the film industry.

The way the characters are positioned on the poster infers intimacy. It shall make the audience think that this is the ideal love situation anyone wants to be in. The way the man is leaning over for a kiss from the women is linked with an ideal ‘perfect’ couple situation where the male leans over for a kiss and the women shies away, by closing her eyes. This reinforces the stereotype of their love being like any ordinary couple which is a convention of a romance genre film within the film industry.

-The font of ‘The Vow’ is very simple as it again represents the love of the two love interests.The length of the font used in the title is very long which can portray that their love in the film, which is for lifetime.As the ‘The’ is not in bold which represents the loss of memory for the females character and the loss of love for males character within the film. Furthermore, the ‘Vow’ is in bold which the audience shall infer that there is love and the women’s memory coming back towards her which is a convention of a romance genre film.- The colours used within the film poster are bright and not threatening and not dull. The use of white shows innocence of their love, which is used in the background which creates a sense of happiness which is included within the conventions of a romance genre film. 
- The use of the colour pink for the actor’s names at the top represents warmth and kindest which portrays their love for each other.The way the poster has positions the actors names at the top of the poster infers their importance and it shall make the film have a fan base and appeal to the audience and shall make it successful within the film industry.